首页 > 美国历史 > > 正文

曼哈顿计划爱因斯坦致罗斯福的信原文及译文

2017-05-18 12:02 来源:网络整理 作者:搬山道人 手机版

http://www.todayonhistory.com/lishi/201705/\


曼哈顿计划

  二战时期,以美英苏为首的反法西斯联盟与法西斯展开激烈的斗争,战场之外,双方都在研制原子弹,而最终美国率先研制了出来,而且投放日本迫使其投降。美国研制原子弹的计划就是著名的曼哈顿计划,这个计划的肇始应该追溯到爱因斯坦写给罗斯福的一封信,这封信揭露了德国法西斯秘密研制原子弹的计划。

  爱因斯坦给罗斯福的原信如下:

  Albert Einstein

  Old Grove Rd.

  Nassau Point

  Peconic, Long Island

  August 2nd, 1939

  F.D. Roosevelt

  President of the United States

  White House

  Washington, D.C.

  Sir:

  Some recent work by E.Fermi and L. Szilard, which has been communicated to me in manuscript, leads me to expect that the element uranium may be turned into a new and important source of energy in the immediate future. Certain aspects of the situation which has arisen seem to call for watchfulness and, if necessary, quick action on the part of the Administration. I believe therefore that it is my duty to bring to your attention the following facts and recommendations:

  In the course of the last four months it has been made probable – through the work of Joliot in France as well as Fermi and Szilard in America – that it may become possible to set up a nuclear chain reaction in a large mass of uranium by which vast amounts of power and large quantities of new radium-like elements would be generated. Now it appears almost certain that this could be achieved in the immediate future.

  This new phenomenon would also lead to the construction of bombs, and it is conceivable – though much less certain – that extremely powerful bombs of a new type may thus be constructed. A single bomb of this type, carried by boat and exploded in a port, might very well destroy the whole port together with some of the surrounding territory. However, such bombs might very well prove to be too heavy for transportation by air.

  The United States has only very poor ores of uranium in moderate quantities. There is some good ore in Canada and the former Czechoslovakia, while the most important source of uranium is Belgian Congo.

  In view of the situation you may think it desirable to have more permanent contact maintained between the Administration and the group of physicists working on chain reactions in America. One possible way of achieving this might be for you to entrust with this task a person who has your confidence and who could perhaps serve in an inofficial capacity. His task might comprise the following:

  a) to approach Government Departments, keep them informed of the further development, and put forward recommendations for Government action, giving particular attention to the problem of securing a supply of uranium ore for the United States;

  b) to speed up the experimental work, which is at present being carried on within the limits of the budgets of University laboratories, by providing funds, if such funds be required, through his contacts with private persons who are willing to make contributions for this cause, and perhaps also by obtaining the co-operation of industrial laboratories which have the necessary equipment.

  I understand that Germany has actually stopped the sale of uranium from the Czechoslovakian mines which she has taken over. That she should have taken such early action might perhaps be understood on the ground that the son of the German Under-Secretary of State, von Weizs?cker, is attached to the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut in Berlin where some of the American work on uranium is now being repeated.

  Yours very truly

  Albert Einstein

  译文如下:

  阿尔伯特.爱因斯坦

  老格鲁夫大街

  科尼克, 长岛

  1939年8月2日

  F.D.罗斯福

  美国总统

  白宫

  华盛顿特区

  总统先生,

免责声明:以上内容源自网络,版权归原作者所有,如有侵犯您的原创版权请告知,我们将尽快删除相关内容。
最新人物
最新更新
历史
风云人物 | 历史解密
战史风云 | 文史百科
才子佳人 | 帝王将相
后宫嫔妃 | 近代名人
野史秘闻 | 历史纪实
未解之谜 | 考古发现
将星传奇 | 抗日战争
古代战役 | 世界大战
神话故事 | 成语故事
诗词歌赋 | 古典名著
传统文化 | 风水命理
热点新闻 | 老照片
历史剧 | 历史今天
朝代
上古历史 | 夏朝历史
商朝历史 | 周朝历史
春秋战国历史 | 秦朝历史
汉朝历史 | 三国历史
晋朝历史 | 南北朝历史
隋朝历史 | 唐朝历史
五代十国历史 | 宋朝历史
元朝历史 | 明朝历史
清朝历史 | 民国历史
皇帝列表
夏朝皇帝列表 | 商朝皇帝列表
西周皇帝列表 | 秦朝皇帝列表
汉朝皇帝列表 | 三国皇帝列表
晋朝皇帝列表 | 隋朝皇帝列表
唐朝皇帝列表 | 宋朝皇帝列表
辽朝皇帝列表 | 金朝皇帝列表
西夏皇帝列表 | 元朝皇帝列表
明朝皇帝列表 | 清朝皇帝列表
五胡十六国皇帝列表
南北朝皇帝列表
五代十国皇帝列表
人物
汉武帝 | 刘解忧 | 冯嫽
胡姑 | 翁归靡 | 军须靡
惠文后 | 孝庄皇后 | 芈月
风四娘 | 萧十一郎 | 沈璧君
逍遥侯 | 小公子 | 连城璧
花如玉 | 杨开泰 | 秦始皇
孝庄钱皇后 | 谈允贤 | 朱祁镇
也先 | 朱祁钰 | 汪美麟
专题
古代美女
皇帝死亡之谜
和亲公主
皇帝
神兽
古代美男
一战成名
历史之最
秦始皇陵地宫
匈奴帝国
二十四节气
二战

投稿、联系站长:QQ529222374

鲁ICP备15044886号-1 乱历史 www.luanlishi.com 版权所有